Re: using a HELOC to start investing in real estate
There is always a trade off of risk vs. reward and any decision you make is fine so long as you are willing to take the risk for the potential reward.
Reward: get cash for down payment on an investment property.
Reward: get cash for repairs on an investment property.
Reward: get cash for holding costs of a fix & flip property
Reward: you avoid PMI.
Reward: you can avoid a second mortgage on the investment property.
Risk: your monthly debt payments are higher.
Risk: business failure could mean you will not be able to pay for your home.
Risk: in the case of bankruptcy you might lose 100% of the value of your home. This is because HELOC is not used as purchase money and (in some states) the lender will be able to sue you for deficiency.
Risk: HELOC rates are usually variable rather than fixed.
Risk: HELOC will go on your personal credit report, whereas investment property mortgage could be on a business credit report. Even if you personally guarantee the loan the HELOC still hits your credit report harder.
There might be others, but these cover the major points that I think about. Personally I would rather have a second / larger mortgage for the investment property than get a HELOC on my residence. That's just my risk tolerance. I especially would hate to lose my home in the worst case scenario of bankruptcy and bankruptcy is something that I will fear until my passive income exceeds my monthly expenses.
If you can't afford large commercial properties then consider rehabbing residential properties.
If you can't afford to rehab residential properties then you might try buying a small house and rent it out.
If you can't afford any house in your area then consider investing in another area (CA prices are ridiculous in my opinion).
If you can't invest in another area then consider hard-money loans.
Lastly, if you have absolutely no cash at all then consider flipping.
There are many ways to get into this game. Take a serious look at what kind of cash, time, and experience you have with real estate and decide what route(s) you can go. Many new people start out by flipping (assigning contracts to other investors... e.g. you are a "realtor" for investors).