For those who have experience investing in mortgage notes, what are the most important things you look at before purchasing a note?
I’m especially interested in how you evaluate the borrower’s payment history, property value, remaining balance, interest rate, and overall risk.
For performing and non-performing notes, are there any red flags you wish you had known about before getting started? And what due diligence steps have helped you avoid problem investments?
Would love to hear from experienced note investors about what you’ve learned along the way.
I recommend you take one of the courses offered by the experts here. Don't launch into note buying with just the answers to this posting. You won't get the complete story here. @Chris Seveney and NoteInvestor.com can help. Consider an intro book too.
Learn to identify your risks and take them seriously in due diligence. Remember the note Seller might be very nice and informative, but this is a wild space. The note Sseller is biased and might be a fraudster. You can't take whatever is represented at face value. Due diligence is all about verifying everything independent of what Seller shares if possible.
For example, Seller says he got a steal of a deal on a single family house at $20k. He found a buyer who he sold to with a new contract for deed for $70k. Buyer/Borrower is a flipper with no money down. He's very experienced and will turn the property around within a few months for $120k sale or good rental. Do you buy Seller's $70k CFD?
1. Did Seller actually buy the property and close? Verify with county. Check for note recording. Check tax payments. You might not think you have to start with such basic research, but you do. Assume nothing.
2. How did Seller vet Buyer/Borrower? Why lend with no money down? Why sell the note so soon? (Seller will say to invest funds elsewhere.) What's the real story? (did Seller just learn Borrower realized they are over their heads and are going to bail out?)
3. Why the large gap 20-->70 with no work? Steal of a deal? Really? (maybe) Maybe Buyer/Borrower is a fool or a genius. You don't know either of these people.
4. How much flip experience does Borrower have? Review docs provided to Seller. Research Borrower. Is Borrower local to property? Remote is much higher risk, especially with low experience. Is this his 2nd flip or 50th? How is Borrower financed to perform the flip? (Seller will be inclined to make Borrower look strong to you.)
5. Borrower has no skin in the game. Has flip started? If no, what keeps Borrower from just walking away if projected costs increase? You have a red flag if this is a young note and 2 red flags if they just closed the deal. Check Borrower payment history. (no history, little experience, no skin, remote --> no deal?)
6. What if Borrower doesn't pay? You can take the property with the CFD, but a $20k house doesn't offer much. Are you local to it and want to take it over? (didn't think so.) Get a personal guarantee from Borrower and Seller if you can. Seller is promoting Borrower to make a nice profit. See how much Seller really believes in Borrower.
7. Have you read the note yet? Read everything - twice.
8. What is the property like? Has Borrower actually seen it if remote? Request a rehab plan with pricing from Borrower or Seller. Is it viable?
9. What is the local market like? Is $120k ARV realistic? You may find the property is in an $80k market. What then? It may be fine, but you don't know until you look.
10. What is the note price, UPB and rate? (Notice this is last in this list - this compensates you for risks above and generates profit. Know the risks.)
This is just a start for what looks like a very simple deal - only a few sentences. Your deals will have more detail to vet. Remember, you are looking to buy a deal, as in 1. Take your time. Readily pass on deals until you find one you are very comfortable with. You are learning on the deals you pass over.
Did Seller tell you others are considering offering on this note too? That will raise your stress level and might get you moving quicker. Remember to take your time (reasonably) and don't be rushed. The note offering discussion is a learning experience and nothing more. You have the next several months to find a note.