Looking to buy or create an ADU (MIL) in Seattle

Looking to buy or create an ADU (MIL) in Seattle

Specialist · Des Moines, WA · Member since 2019 · 11 posts · 9 votes

I’m finally ready to tell the leap and buy a house, but because I live in an expensive Greater Seattle Area market, a mortgage on a quality home will consume a large chunk of my income. I’m looking for a creative house-hack to kickstart our real-estate journey.

My wife and I have a child in elementary school so we don't want to share our living quarters with strangers, and most multi-family properties here are either way over our budget or less quality of living than we'd prefer. With that being said, our compromise is to find a house with an ADU or mother-in-law apartment in the basement that can be rented to offset a large chunk of the mortgage.

We’re currently pre-approved and have been looking at properties that are matching our criteria. On some of the good properties they are already built in, these are less common but still out there. However, others are good houses that need to add the 2nd kitchen downstairs and a 2nd washer/dryer hookup somewhere else in the house so we can execute our strategy. When dealing with the latter we are looking for houses with basements with conforming room(s) and a separate entrance, with plumbing easily accessible to add the kitchen sink and extra spots on the electrical panel for more appliances.

My questions are related to the ‘adding the amenities to an existing basement’ houses.

1. I’m anticipating ~10-12k for the costs to add kitchen/laundry... Does that sound about right?

2. What permits do I need to have? ADU? Plumbing and electrical? Does the contractor I choose help me with that or do I do it on my own and bring it to them?

3. What kind of preliminary work can I do before I close on a property? I would like to get it built shortly after closing and move in/rent ASAP.

4. Anything else I’m not thinking of?

I would love to connect with people who have worked through the ADU process in the Seattle or King County area. Any information helps!

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Michael HaasBusiness Member
Real Estate Agent · Redmond, 🌧️ Seattle Investor-Agent | 🤑 Helped 400+ Clients Invest in Real Estate | 🏘️ Owns 23 WA Rentals & Airbnbs | 🏗️ Built 5 DADU's | 📈 You Can Do It Too · Member since 2016 · 724 posts · 3k+ votes
6y

@Trevor Ramos an extremely important thing to understand on the front end is the difference between a Mother-In-Law (MIL) and Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) in the eyes of the city of Seattle (as well as surrounding cities like Des Moines) . The plain and simple version in Seattle is that a MIL does not have a stove and cannot be rented separately from the main home unless the owner is occupying, and an ADU does have a stove and can be rented separately from the main home. Des Moines, and most other cities in WA, do not allow ADU's or MIL's to be rented separately from the main home, so if you're planning on househacking multiple times and turning the properties into full-on rentals after you move it may be better to be in Seattle, Tacoma, or another market that allows non-owner occupants to rent out both units.

The ADU / MIL distinction is important for your rehab costs too, as an ADU will require a full 8-12 week permit review, and require separate heat, a separate electrical panel, and a separate hot water heater. For a blank-canvas ADU conversion $50-$100k is a good budget. MIL conversions, on the other hand, can be done with only over-the-counter permits (issued the same day you send in your plans) and can be done significantly cheaper ($15-30k). The MIL will work fine if you plan to live in one of the units indefinitely, but may pose a problem if you move out and want to rent "both units" of the home.

Most of the properties on the MLS with existing basement units are either MIL's or completely un-permitted (akanot legal) dwelling units. A true, permitted ADU is extremely rare because they are expensive to build, the laws enabling them to be built more easily just took effect in 2019, and as both sides can be rented separately they can be held and rented as a duplex (often offering a great return) rather than sold.

As for question number 4 - I think there may be quite a lot that you aren't thinking about yet, but now, before you have a property under contract, is definitely the time to learn! There are a lot of potential hangups with ADU's and DADU's, so definitely make sure your agent is an expert in this area or find one who is!

HouseHack Seattle | Michael Haas & Team572 Reviews
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  • Seattle, WA · Member since 2017 · 275 posts · 223 votes
    6y

    I would find an architecture firm that has experience building out ADU's. Your basic strategy seems sound. Other thoughts to consider - it might be good to add a dedicated water heater and heating/cooling system to the ADU - so you aren't fighting with the tenant over the temperature or who is using too much hot water. Shared laundry may be unavoidable depending on the size of the home; if the ADU is a smaller one is probably a safe move to make laundry free but if you are considering a large (2 or 3br) ADU you might want to think about metered laundry (coin op or something) just in case you get an occupancy-limit sized household.

    I don't know if they would allow it for an ADU vs. a real duplex, but the ability to add a second electric meter and breaker panel would be a good way to prevent issues with excess utility usage (you could bill back or just require tenant to get the electric service in their name) - even without that there are submetering options.

    In any case, a home with at least a 200 amp service would be a minimum, when we are talking about having 2 kitchens, and 2 heating systems (often the easiest way to go with the ADU heating is electric baseboard, though maybe a heat pump is an more desireable option now) though having natural gas service might lessen that need.

    The electric panel, water shutoffs, and some other utilities might need to be in common areas of the house both you and the adu resident can access. You don't want the main breakers in the ADU where you have to give 48hrs notice to enter every time a breaker pops if you end up with an uncooperative tenant. (Seems petty but believe me it can happen) Similarly if all the breakers are in the main residence then if the tenant pops a breaker they have to disturb you.

    You could also actually look at "real" duplexes and triplexes.   Don't know your budget but there are a few of those around as well.   (Des Moines is an area on my radar)   for example https://www.redfin.com/WA/Des-Moines/403-S-192nd-St-98148/home/338852  has been on the market a while so a semi-aggressive offer would not be an unrealistic move, though its probably on the "habitable fixer" end of things and I understand that with a child in school you may be a lot more selective about location,  neighborhood area etc.    Other issue of course is if its occupied,  right now asking a tenant to move is very limited,  though I think the statewide moratorium does allow moving your own family into the unit as a reason,  though I would be very careful about it.

  • Specialist · Des Moines, WA · Member since 2019 · 11 posts · 9 votes
    6y

    @Brian Hughes

    Thanks for the advice! So do you recommend I reach out to an architect with ADU experience now before I find a property and clear my plan with them? Or do I need to wait until I close to do that?

    Also thanks for the advice on the 2nd water heater, that’s a good thing to consider. As far as utilities go we’re just going to include it in the rent. It will be a 1-2 br below us so it probably won’t be ridiculously high, so we will have a flat fee included with rent and I’ll eat the cost if it goes over (at least for the first tenant).

    Des Moines is actually the area we live in now and we love it! I checked out that duplex a few weeks ago with the same thought in mind, but it was so disgusting I couldn’t even imagine how people live there now. It’s definitely a great location so a great property for someone to flip but not what we’re looking for at this time. Maybe later on once I actually know what I’m doing and have the capital to take on a project of that magnitude.

  • Seattle, WA · Member since 2017 · 275 posts · 223 votes
    6y

    Heh - disgusting.   that got me so excited I drove past the place today :)   other than the totally overgrown yard the exterior doesn't look that terrible,  but I can believe the interior might be another story.   Still,  a) I'm really aiming higher in unit count and b) price would probably have to be significantly less to make it worthwhile.   FWIW the home immediately next door (not a duplex) appears to have just gone on market.  I couldn't find the listing but would be interesting to see the specs/price for comparison.

    Anyway on the architect,  I'd say both talk to one before any specific property just to get a better idea both in terms of attributes of the home to look for,  and also to get any ideas of difficulties/quirks with the particular jurisdiction you are looking at,  and then after the purchase (assuming you are trying to do everything above the board, permitted, etc.  work with them again.

    I would caution that shared utiliies can be a big pain. I know somebody else who has a home they converted with an ADU ; his household is just him and his wife, but their tenant ended up being 5 people. (they lived in the adu side and rented the main unit) and for various reasons the utilities ended up being literally hundreds a month and was a point of friction. That can largely be avoided by planning ahead to keep it separate as possible, and submeter or mitigate in other ways when not possible; like apparently these days you can get programmable thermostats with a 'administrator' mode that will allow you to set a maximum temperature in case you end up sharing with a resident who likes to keep the house at 80 degrees with electric baseboard heat. It happens. I've had it happen a couple times to me with roommates and tenants.

    Good luck.

  • Michael HaasBusiness Member
    Real Estate Agent · Redmond, 🌧️ Seattle Investor-Agent | 🤑 Helped 400+ Clients Invest in Real Estate | 🏘️ Owns 23 WA Rentals & Airbnbs | 🏗️ Built 5 DADU's | 📈 You Can Do It Too · Member since 2016 · 724 posts · 3k+ votes
    6y

    @Trevor Ramos an extremely important thing to understand on the front end is the difference between a Mother-In-Law (MIL) and Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) in the eyes of the city of Seattle (as well as surrounding cities like Des Moines) . The plain and simple version in Seattle is that a MIL does not have a stove and cannot be rented separately from the main home unless the owner is occupying, and an ADU does have a stove and can be rented separately from the main home. Des Moines, and most other cities in WA, do not allow ADU's or MIL's to be rented separately from the main home, so if you're planning on househacking multiple times and turning the properties into full-on rentals after you move it may be better to be in Seattle, Tacoma, or another market that allows non-owner occupants to rent out both units.

    The ADU / MIL distinction is important for your rehab costs too, as an ADU will require a full 8-12 week permit review, and require separate heat, a separate electrical panel, and a separate hot water heater. For a blank-canvas ADU conversion $50-$100k is a good budget. MIL conversions, on the other hand, can be done with only over-the-counter permits (issued the same day you send in your plans) and can be done significantly cheaper ($15-30k). The MIL will work fine if you plan to live in one of the units indefinitely, but may pose a problem if you move out and want to rent "both units" of the home.

    Most of the properties on the MLS with existing basement units are either MIL's or completely un-permitted (akanot legal) dwelling units. A true, permitted ADU is extremely rare because they are expensive to build, the laws enabling them to be built more easily just took effect in 2019, and as both sides can be rented separately they can be held and rented as a duplex (often offering a great return) rather than sold.

    As for question number 4 - I think there may be quite a lot that you aren't thinking about yet, but now, before you have a property under contract, is definitely the time to learn! There are a lot of potential hangups with ADU's and DADU's, so definitely make sure your agent is an expert in this area or find one who is!

    HouseHack Seattle | Michael Haas & Team572 Reviews
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