Whose Bill Is it?

Whose Bill Is it?

Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes

Are You Invoicing Your Tenants for Damage They Cause?


When I first became a landlord, if a tenant called about a maintenance issue, I fixed it.


Their kid broke a window? I fixed it. They flushed a diaper down the toilet? I called the plumber and paid the bill.

As my portfolio grew, I started looking at maintenance differently. I learned to separate normal wear and tear from tenant-caused damage.


Here's how I handle it today. If it's normal wear and tear, I fix it and cover the cost.


If the tenant broke it, I still fix it. After all, it's my asset. But now the tenant gets an invoice on their ledger.

One of my biggest battles? Flushable wipes!

My lease specifically prohibits them. Doesn't matter if the package says "flushable." Yet tenants continue flushing them, and we continue pulling them out of clogged drains. We refer them to the lease, and give them the bill.

I've learned something over the years: Sometimes the only way to change behavior is with an invoice.

Are you charging tenants for damage they cause, or are you still absorbing those costs as part of doing business?

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Honolulu, HI · Member since 2008 · 3k+ posts · 2k+ votes
1d

Of course we always invoice for tenant damage or misuse. If requested, we will allow no more than 3 monthly payments for reimbursement. We also have a priority of payment policy, which automatically pays repairs or other fees first, which leaves the rent payment short if additional funds are not provided. This effectively initiates the whole late fee/eviction process if terms are not fulfilled.

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  • Richard NeesePro Member
    Rental Property Investor · South Vinemont, AL · Member since 2026 · 66 posts · 25 votes
    1d

    Yes we have policy in place to charge the tenants for issues they cause that are outside of the normal wear and tear. Things happen and we can give some grace but a firm policy in place allows us to be in control of the "grace" not forced to do whatever. Thank you for contributing to our community !

  • Honolulu, HI · Member since 2008 · 3k+ posts · 2k+ votes
    1d

    Of course we always invoice for tenant damage or misuse. If requested, we will allow no more than 3 monthly payments for reimbursement. We also have a priority of payment policy, which automatically pays repairs or other fees first, which leaves the rent payment short if additional funds are not provided. This effectively initiates the whole late fee/eviction process if terms are not fulfilled.

    • Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes
      22h

      @Richard F. this is a game changer that I missed for a loooong time. When I was collecting rent hand to hand I was always arguing about the money owed for late fees from the prior month etc. I eventually put the clause in my lease; when Iautomated rent collection the ledger automatically handles it for me. I wonder how many landlords are still missing this clause?

  • Technology · Vancouver, BC · Member since 2026 · 199 posts · 45 votes
    23h

    Hello @Carl Millsap,

    I really like how simple you've made this. It's your asset, so it gets fixed either way, and the only question left is whose ledger the bill ends up on. That keeps the property in good shape without every repair turning into an argument.

    I also think the shift you described, from absorbing everything to separating wear and tear from damage, is something a lot of landlords only come to once the portfolio grows. One plumber visit doesn't feel like much on a single house, but when the same flushable wipes keep showing up across a couple of hundred units, it really starts to add up.

    If I were tackling the wipes today, I'd pair the invoice with something that makes the right choice easy from the first day. A small lidded bin in each bathroom and a short note at move-in explaining why the lease bans wipes tends to stick better than a clause someone skimmed at signing. The invoice is still there when it's needed, but I imagine you'd end up sending fewer of them.

    Appreciate you sharing how you handle it,
    Lee

    • Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes
      22h

      @Lee Futcher you're creating bills for me. I like the bin ideal...I may implement it.

      100% correct on tenants skimming the lease. I'd venture 99% of my tenants don't read the entire lease. In their defense it is 9 pages long so there's that.

      For anyone wondering why 9 pages...I've learned a lot of lessons. In theory I only like to learn lessons that cost me money once.

    • Investor · Milwaukee - Mequon, WI · Member since 2010 · 5k+ posts · 7k+ votes
      3h

      That's why we went back to paper leases and sign them in person. That is the one opportunity to discuss what matters. We also do a tenant orientation and we use a checklist for that: from flushable wipes to how to reset a GFCI, change the furnace filter and where the water shut offs are. Also, paying water bills and what happens if they don't.

      Tenants are like employees - if you don't train them well, you can expect them to do the right things

  • Member since 2023 · 142 posts · 46 votes
    23h

    We do the same split, and writing it down at move-in is what makes it stick.

    Normal wear and tear is ours. Tenant-caused damage gets fixed first — it is still our asset — then invoiced, with photos and the lease language behind it. We do not wait to argue about it while a drain stays clogged.

    The lease is the anchor: one rent payment method, written into every lease the same way, and clear rules on what tenants should not flush or pour down drains. We go over that at move-in, not just in the paperwork, and we repeat it in writing when a first invoice goes out.

    Across our 236 doors in Memphis, the invoice is less about the money than the pattern. Once a tenant sees the cost attached to the behavior, most of it stops. Do you track repeat invoices by house, or just by tenant?

    • Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes
      22h

      @Rosina Persaud I track by tenant, but if I see a pattern at a property then I check the systems.

      I have an ongoing issue w/ grease being poured down the drain. Tenant on 2nd floor swears he's not doing it, but he has several pots on the stove with grease. 1st floor tenant claims it's not them, nothing in their unit indicates they're using grease so I'm eating that bill because I can't "prove" upstairs guy is doing it.

  • Ryan BrownPro Member
    Real Estate Agent · Louisville, KY · Member since 2022 · 108 posts · 39 votes
    23h

    Carl, I agree with separating wear and tear from damage and putting it on the tenant's ledger. But some of this comes down to practicality. Things have to be fixed, and they have to be fixed in a timely manner, whether or not the tenant has the means to pay for it. A broken window or clogged drain can't wait until the invoice is paid.

    This is one of the things I talk about a lot with Section 8 rentals. I've had plenty of turnovers with a bunch of damage that probably should have been charged to the tenant, but there's no really good way to collect it. The tenant's portion of the rent may be very small, and the security deposit often doesn't come close to covering the damage. You can put it on the ledger and even get a judgment, but that doesn't mean you'll ever see the money.

    I still invoice, because it creates a record and sometimes it does change behavior. I just don't count that money as something I'll actually collect when I'm running the numbers. On Section 8 properties especially, I budget repair and turnover reserves as if most tenant damage will come out of my pocket. Anything I collect on top of that is a bonus.

    • Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes
      22h

      @Ryan Brown agreed. I fix the issue in a timely matter, I just put the invoice where it belongs. With S8 tenants we put it on their ledger, and the lease clause that outstanding balance gets paid first usually gets them to cover the invoice.

      I had to evict an S8 tenant because they refused to pay their outstanding invoices, and they had some other issues.

      When I was in court the judge essentially argued that S8 money couldn't be used for repair expenses as if the lease wasn't a valid contract. I argued S8 reviews the lease to ensure it is complaint with their program, and that I notified S8 of the outstanding balance etc. S8 response / position was the tenant is like any market rate tenant execute per my policy / lease.

      As for collecting you're right it's a wish, but we do send it to collections. I do get some of that money, but a large amount is a lost cause. My blood pressure is going up just thinking about it.

  • Leo SteinBusiness Member
    Property Manager · Orange County, CA · Member since 2025 · 296 posts · 71 votes
    23h

    Carl, same approach here, and the ledger is what makes it stick. A few things that help in practice:

    1. Document at move-in. Dated photos of every room, signed by the tenant, so wear and tear versus damage isn't a debate later.

    2. Send the invoice with the vendor's bill and a photo of the problem, not just a number. Tenants rarely dispute a clog when they can see what came out of it.

    3. Keep the lease language specific (wipes, diapers, grease, smoke detector batteries) and point to it in the notice.

    4. Charge actual cost, no markup, so it's easy to defend.

    5. Apply it to everyone the same way. Selective charging is how a small bill becomes a dispute.

    In California, deposit deductions come with their own itemization rules, so check the current requirements for your state before relying on the deposit. Not legal advice.

    Happy to compare notes by message.

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  • Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes
    22h

    @George Newman I use appfolio for my portfolio, but I'll take a look. Happy to refer you to the guys I work with.

  • Realtor · Columbus, Franklin County · Member since 2026 · 135 posts · 53 votes
    22h

    Carl, agreed: fix it either way, then decide whose ledger it goes on. What makes that hold up is the paper trail from day one. Dated move-in photos and a signed condition checklist, a lease clause that names the specific items (wipes, grease, filters left unchanged), and the vendor's invoice with notes or photos of the cause. Apply it the same way to every tenant. In Ohio, any deduction taken from the deposit at move-out also has to be itemized in writing within 30 days after the tenancy ends and possession is delivered (ORC 5321.16), so building the record during the lease makes that easy. Do you bill at actual vendor cost, or add a coordination fee?

  • Realtor · Columbus, Franklin County · Member since 2026 · 135 posts · 53 votes
    22h

    Carl, agreed: fix it either way, then decide whose ledger it goes on. What makes that hold up is the paper trail from day one. Dated move-in photos and a signed condition checklist, a lease clause that names the specific items (wipes, grease, filters left unchanged), and the vendor's invoice with notes or photos of the cause. Apply it the same way to every tenant. In Ohio, any deduction taken from the deposit at move-out also has to be itemized in writing within 30 days after the tenancy ends and possession is delivered (ORC 5321.16), so building the record during the lease makes that easy. Do you bill at actual vendor cost, or add a coordination fee?

    • Investor · Midwest · Member since 2019 · 374 posts · 248 votes
      22h

      @BJ Everson good question. I self manage my units.

      1. If an issue requires me to bring in an outside contractor I bill whatever that invoice is. 

      2. If my team handles it I bill a flat rate of their labor cost.

    • Drew SygitBusiness Member
      Property Manager · Royal Oak, MI · Member since 2012 · 13k+ posts · 9k+ votes
      18h

      People don't change their habits until properly motivated.

      Pain of an invoice => motivation.

    • Real Estate Agent · Memphis · Member since 2026 · 621 posts · 358 votes
      17h

      If the damage was clearly caused by the tenant, they should be responsible for the cost. The tricky part is making sure it's actually tenant-caused and not normal wear and tear. Especially with plumbing issues, having the contractor document what caused the blockage makes it much easier to explain the charge if the tenant questions it. No reason to keep absorbing those costs when there's clear documentation.

    • Investor · San Francisco · Member since 2026 · 60 posts · 28 votes
      17h

      I charge for tenant-caused damage, and I do not apologize for it, but the lease has to do the heavy lifting before anything breaks. My leases spell out specific examples: no flushable wipes, no grease down the drain, tenant pays for clogs caused by misuse, and a broken window from a ball is not wear and tear. Vague language is what turns a $200 invoice into an argument.

      The process matters as much as the rule. Fix the problem first, document it with photos, keep the vendor invoice, then send the tenant an itemized charge with the photos attached. Never leave a tenant without a working toilet while you debate who pays.

      Where I draw the line is normal wear and tear: a faucet cartridge that fails after five years, paint fading, carpet wearing in a hallway. Absorbing that is part of the business. My test is simple: would this have happened with a careful tenant living normally? If yes, it is mine. If no, it is theirs.

    • Investor · Member since 2026 · 2 posts · 2 votes
      6h

      If you don't charge them then they will just continue doing whatever the hell the want. It's the only way IMO.

    • Technology · Vancouver, BC · Member since 2026 · 199 posts · 45 votes
      5h

      Hey @Carl Millsap,

      Sorry for adding to the shopping list! I think a handful of small bins is probably still cheaper than one more plumber visit, though.

      The line about only wanting to learn each lesson once explains the nine pages perfectly. I imagine every clause in there has a story behind it, usually a bill you never want to pay twice, and that's what makes a lease like yours so valuable even if most tenants only skim it.

      The grease situation sounds really frustrating, too. When everything points one way but you can't prove it, it's hard not to feel like you're paying for someone else's habits.

      Enjoy the rest of your week,

      Lee

    • Real Estate Broker · Rochester, NY · Member since 2026 · 39 posts · 12 votes
      2h

      110%!!

      Flushable wipes will be the end of my sanity!

      At least 2 times per year I have an issue within my portfolio. Up in Rochester, NY, we still have old cast iron plumbing and those inner walls are like sandpaper, they grab onto everything.

      I’ve accommodated tenants by creating a payment plan so they can absorb the cost but that adds office work to my plate, tracking an invoice that spans 3 months or more.

      Every tenant gets a “Welcome” letter (on top of it clearly stating the same in the lease) that reminds them Flushable wipes are not permitted and the cost to clear a clogged line will fall on their wallet. Not bulletproof but show clear documentation in court if a tenant ever decides to challenge the invoice.

      How much time do we have? Should I get into appliances next?!

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