Damage prevention starts LONG before guests/tenants arrive! Every choice you make from acquisition, through and including occupancy, can cause an adverse outcome down the road.
Material/product choices. Durability must be a key factor, along with proper, secure, installation, and utilizing "low maintenance" materials wherever possible, such as floor coverings, upholstery, paint, and many other "touch" elements.
Scope of repairs/updates. Overlooking aging plumbing (from fixture to public connection, supply AND waste) or aging or improperly installed electrical elements, will guarantee problems at the least convenient times.
In theory, 'inspections" can prevent issues, but that depends on who is inspecting, what the standards for inspection are, and how experienced the inspector is.
Rules, documentation, and communication are important, but you cannot micromanage guests, and most importantly, you cannot assume they have read/listened to everything prior to issues arising.
Oddly, you don't even mention actively seeking out potential hazards and/or having your insurance company perform a periodic review of the property in conjunction with re-evaluating your coverage limits and deductibles. Slips, trips, and falls are the number one cause of injuries in nearly any residence or business. If you are providing potential hazards (recreational equipment or opportunities on the property), you need to have a serious Safety Plan and regular Inspections as appropriate.