The Real Cost of Tenant Turnover and How We Eliminate It

The Real Cost of Tenant Turnover and How We Eliminate It

James JonesPro Member
Investor · Collierville, TN 38017 · Member since 2017 · 595 posts · 446 votes

Most investors only look at rent minus mortgage and call it “cash flow.” Then a tenant moves out and suddenly the numbers stop making sense. Turnover is the silent profit killer in this business, especially for small landlords who never calculate the true cost.

Here’s what turnover actually costs:

1. Lost rent.

Even in a good market, you’re losing at least 30–60 days of rent. For us, that’s easily $1,200 to $2,500 gone.

2. Turn-ready repairs.

Paint, cleaning, patchwork, minor plumbing, broken blinds, damaged floors, it adds up fast. A typical turn can run $1,000 to $3,000 depending on age and finishes.

3. Leasing + inspection delays.

New photos, new listing, showings, screening, MHA inspection, approval, more lost days. Time burns cash.

4. Make-ready labor + materials.

Vendors don’t work for free. Even standardized materials cost money. If you’re not systemized, this expense balloons.

When you add it up, a single turnover can quietly cost $4,000 to $7,000.

Most landlords don’t even realize they burned a year of “cash flow” replacing a tenant.

Here’s how we eliminate turnover across our Section 8 portfolio:

1. We rehab for durability, not beauty.

Tile floors. Simple finishes. One paint color. Durable materials eliminate 80 percent of turn-related repairs.

2. We add bedrooms when possible.

More bedrooms equals higher voucher rent equals longer stays. Families with stable assistance rarely move unless they have to.

3. We build great relationships with tenants.

Clarity, speed, and respect. We communicate, we respond, and we solve issues before they escalate. People stay where they feel stable.

4. We treat inspections like free maintenance audits.

Every passed inspection extends the tenant’s timeline. Preventive maintenance beats reactive repairs.

5. We work with reliable vendors who know our standards.

Consistency keeps tenant satisfaction high and unexpected breakdowns low.

6. We choose the right tenant from the start.

Good screening is the cheapest insurance policy you’ll ever buy.

Turnovers are avoidable when you build the property for longevity and operate it like a business.

Our highest-performing rentals aren’t the prettiest, they’re the ones that stay occupied for years without surprises.

What’s your average turnover cost, and are you calculating all the hidden pieces?

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Investor · Fort Washington, MD · Member since 2014 · 1k+ posts · 1k+ votes
9mo

This is an awesome post. I always practice every point mentioned here. Also, others have submitted great responses. People can really maximize their businesses by listening to them. All are crucial points, but one of my top is getting the right tenant and building a great relationship. I know there are people in this forum that show the tenants zero respect and others claim, all tenants hate landlords. They need to speak for themselves. In essence, keeping a great tenant there as long as you can is how you win. This approach works for an of the class assets.

Great topic 

See this reply in the discussion

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  • Realtor · Oklahoma City · Member since 2020 · 258 posts · 139 votes
    9mo

    @James Jones great post!

    There are so many people that can benefit from reading this post! I'd say the average costs are roughly the same for Oklahoma City, with someone that has stayed for a little bit of time &/or have left it with decent amount of work leading to those prices. All subjective per tenant/landlord/property.

    Most of the time when turnover happens later in the year, the amount of people moving slows, which right now there's a ton of options available for renters & buyers.

    Average moving costs for tenants can be costly too. Avoiding unnecessary rent increases, ensuring proper screening & being empathetic with good long term tenants can greatly reduce the amount of turnover.

    • James JonesPro Member
      OP
      Investor · Collierville, TN 38017 · Member since 2017 · 595 posts · 446 votes
      1mo
      Quote from @Chase Busick:

      @James Jones great post!

      There are so many people that can benefit from reading this post! I'd say the average costs are roughly the same for Oklahoma City, with someone that has stayed for a little bit of time &/or have left it with decent amount of work leading to those prices. All subjective per tenant/landlord/property.

      Most of the time when turnover happens later in the year, the amount of people moving slows, which right now there's a ton of options available for renters & buyers.

      Average moving costs for tenants can be costly too. Avoiding unnecessary rent increases, ensuring proper screening & being empathetic with good long term tenants can greatly reduce the amount of turnover.


      Appreciate it Chase. Good point on the seasonal angle, and it cuts both ways. Turnover late in the year is worse, not just slower foot traffic but you're re-listing into the holidays and winter when the good applicant pool thins out. A vacancy in November can sit a lot longer than the same unit in May.

      Which is another argument for your last point. Sometimes holding a solid tenant through a soft season with a small or zero increase beats "winning" on rent and then eating six weeks of winter vacancy. The calendar should factor into the renewal decision as much as the number does.

  • Theresa HarrisPro Member
    Member since 2019 · 15k+ posts · 11k+ votes
    9mo

    True there is more than mortgage, insurance and rent to factor in.

    In a good market, you should not be losing 30-60 days rent-you should be able to have a quick turn over.  Max 30 days.  If you're working with a property manager it may take longer to get it cleaned and inspected as they have a larger number of properties to deal with no matter how organized they are.

    • Michael SmytheBusiness Member
      Real Estate Agent · Metro Detroit · Member since 2023 · 4k+ posts · 3k+ votes
      9mo
      Quote from @Theresa Harris:

      True there is more than mortgage, insurance and rent to factor in.

      In a good market, you should not be losing 30-60 days rent-you should be able to have a quick turn over.  Max 30 days.  If you're working with a property manager it may take longer to get it cleaned and inspected as they have a larger number of properties to deal with no matter how organized they are.


      Please STOP blaming PMCs for everything!

      Our biggest delay in rental turnovers is actually due to owners!

      - Many take 2-3 days or more to respond to us.

      - Many want 2-3 bids, even for basic stuff.

      - Many take days or weeks to send funds - some even try to coerce us into funding them ourselves and reimbursing ourselves via future rents.

      - Then we have the owners that insist on hiring their own contractors. At least 80% of the time we have to take over due to shoddy work or delayed completions.

      Logical Property Management4.9446 Reviews
    • Member since 2024 · 65 posts · 62 votes
      9mo

      @Michael Smythe I know every unit may be a different situation, but how long would you think a PMC should take to do a simple turn? Assume you've got your ideal owner- gives you the money and discretion to make smart decisions on their behalf. 

      I struggle with how to motivate or push my PMC to move quicker with turns. I give them money quick (Same day), I give them full discrestiom, and I don't ask for multiple quotes. I just want good quality work done, in a reasonable time. 

    • Theresa HarrisPro Member
      Member since 2019 · 15k+ posts · 11k+ votes
      9mo
      Quote from @Michael Smythe:
      Quote from @Theresa Harris:

      True there is more than mortgage, insurance and rent to factor in.

      In a good market, you should not be losing 30-60 days rent-you should be able to have a quick turn over.  Max 30 days.  If you're working with a property manager it may take longer to get it cleaned and inspected as they have a larger number of properties to deal with no matter how organized they are.


      Please STOP blaming PMCs for everything!

      Our biggest delay in rental turnovers is actually due to owners!

      - Many take 2-3 days or more to respond to us.

      - Many want 2-3 bids, even for basic stuff.

      - Many take days or weeks to send funds - some even try to coerce us into funding them ourselves and reimbursing ourselves via future rents.

      - Then we have the owners that insist on hiring their own contractors. At least 80% of the time we have to take over due to shoddy work or delayed completions.

      I'm not blaming PM for everything. I am simply saying that they have a lot of properties to manage and as a result it can take longer to find a tenant than if you have a single property.  I've dealt with 1 PM (and I'm sure most owners haven't dealt with a lot of PMs).  Just like owners, not all PM are the same.  My experience is that a one month vacancy is normal for a PM.
    • Michael SmytheBusiness Member
      Real Estate Agent · Metro Detroit · Member since 2023 · 4k+ posts · 3k+ votes
      9mo
      Quote from @Tim W.:

      @Michael Smythe I know every unit may be a different situation, but how long would you think a PMC should take to do a simple turn? Assume you've got your ideal owner- gives you the money and discretion to make smart decisions on their behalf. 

      I struggle with how to motivate or push my PMC to move quicker with turns. I give them money quick (Same day), I give them full discrestiom, and I don't ask for multiple quotes. I just want good quality work done, in a reasonable time. 

      Besides doing any RentReady Repairs, the biggest challenge with quick turns is the existing tenant(s).

      Every owner looks at the "perfect" Class A example (only light cleaning & touchups, tenant cooperates with showings) and wants it applied to EVERY scenario.
      - Less likely to happen on Class B rentals and rarely on Class C or D!

      We try to do an Annual/Renewal Evaluation 70-90 days before end of a lease and tenants don't always cooperate. 
      - We can also use this Evaluation to project needed repairs once tenant moves out and put together estimate for owner approval. All to minimize time off market.

      Occupied Showings: another issue that doesn't always work. Many PMCs take the position of no showings until home vacant & RentReady condition.
      1) Even if tenant cooperates with showings, if the home looks like crap, just wasting time doing showings.
      2) If tenant doesn't want anyone in their home, they can sabotage showings:
      - Leaving an unattended minor in the home when showing scheduled
      - Leaving an intimidating dog alone in the home when a showing is scheduled
      - Making violent threats or just being negative during a showing
      Tenant can also file a lawsuit claiming their personal items stolen during a showing they weren't home for. Yes, it's a nuisance lawsuit, but still costs money & time to defend - and owners expect PMC to pay for all of it!

      Once the home is vacant, many owners think showing it in poor condition is still okay, despite industry data showing otherwise.

      So, where specifically do you think your PMC could speed things up?
      Logical Property Management4.9446 Reviews
    • Michael SmytheBusiness Member
      Real Estate Agent · Metro Detroit · Member since 2023 · 4k+ posts · 3k+ votes
      9mo
      Quote from @Theresa Harris:
      Quote from @Michael Smythe:
      Quote from @Theresa Harris:

      True there is more than mortgage, insurance and rent to factor in.

      In a good market, you should not be losing 30-60 days rent-you should be able to have a quick turn over.  Max 30 days.  If you're working with a property manager it may take longer to get it cleaned and inspected as they have a larger number of properties to deal with no matter how organized they are.


      Please STOP blaming PMCs for everything!

      Our biggest delay in rental turnovers is actually due to owners!

      - Many take 2-3 days or more to respond to us.

      - Many want 2-3 bids, even for basic stuff.

      - Many take days or weeks to send funds - some even try to coerce us into funding them ourselves and reimbursing ourselves via future rents.

      - Then we have the owners that insist on hiring their own contractors. At least 80% of the time we have to take over due to shoddy work or delayed completions.

      I'm not blaming PM for everything. I am simply saying that they have a lot of properties to manage and as a result it can take longer to find a tenant than if you have a single property.  I've dealt with 1 PM (and I'm sure most owners haven't dealt with a lot of PMs).  Just like owners, not all PM are the same.  My experience is that a one month vacancy is normal for a PM.

      Appreciate your point of view, but still not understanding SPECIFICALLY what you are referring to?

      "A lot of properties to manage" may be an excuse if a PMC is still ONLY using traditional PM setup where each PM assigned 100+ doors an handles EVERYTHING for those properties.

      More and more PMCs are using departments or pod models to avoid a single PM being the bottleneck you may be alluding to. 
      - The only negative to these newer models are owners don't really get a single-point of contact that knows everything about their property. 
      --- The industry thinks the tradeoff is justified
      --- If done correctly, it's not that difficult for an owner to get answers
      --- There's NO LOGICAL WAY one person can be a master at everything an owner currently expects a PMC to handle.

      Waiting for your feedback...:)

      Logical Property Management4.9446 Reviews
  • Member since 2024 · 65 posts · 62 votes
    9mo

    Great perspective James!

  • Lender · Miami, FL · Member since 2025 · 123 posts · 34 votes
    9mo

    Agreed that true cash flow has to consider reserves for turnover + maintenance/repairs. These types of costs should affect reserves and not cash flows, if planned correctly.

    Would you agree that the best way to mitigate turnover risk/cost is by investing in multifamily units (lower cost, more units, lower concentration of tenants) vs single family properties? If you consider single family properties have similar/lower turnover risk, how so?

  • Real Estate Agent · Chicago, IL · Member since 2017 · 2k+ posts · 2k+ votes
    9mo

    It completely depends on the grade of neighborhood. I have north side Chicago rentals and the turnover costs is typically close to $0 sometimes $200 or so for a handyman to touch up a few walls. I have a new tenant move in same day an old tenant moves out as market the units 45 days in advance and always get a bunch of applications. The tenants are high credit so I never have fear of someone not moving out in time. 

    On the flip side I have a C class property that is $3000 to $5000 every time someone moves as these people are low class and always mess up walls, you also cant lease the low class units until they are actually vacant as never know if the people will actually vacate on time. 

    FYI I do professional photos once for a unit and re use them for the next 5 to 10 years. No need to do new photos unless you did major changes. 

  • Aaron ZimmermanBusiness Member
    Accountant · Chicago, IL · Member since 2018 · 2k+ posts · 1k+ votes
    9mo

    I completely agree on the hidden costs of turnover.

    when factoring in a unit turnover/make ready improvements plus cleaning, you're looking at $1k minimum assuming the unit is left in reasonably good condition. 

    Turnover is costly in any business, with real estate being no exception. 

    • James JonesPro Member
      OP
      Investor · Collierville, TN 38017 · Member since 2017 · 595 posts · 446 votes
      1mo
      Quote from @Aaron Zimmerman:

      I completely agree on the hidden costs of turnover.

      when factoring in a unit turnover/make ready improvements plus cleaning, you're looking at $1k minimum assuming the unit is left in reasonably good condition. 

      Turnover is costly in any business, with real estate being no exception. 


      Agreed Aaron, and $1k is the floor for a clean unit. The number people miss is that it climbs fast the longer someone stays. A tenant who's there five years leaves the unit dated even if they leave it clean, so now you're into paint, maybe flooring, maybe a fixture or two, none of it damage, all of it on you.

      From the accounting side you'd know this better than me, but that's where the repair-versus-improvement line gets interesting. A lot of the turn cost is really deferred capex you've been ignoring while the unit was occupied. The turnover doesn't create the cost, it just finally presents the bill.

  • Investor · Milwaukee - Mequon, WI · Member since 2010 · 5k+ posts · 7k+ votes
    9mo

    100% correct. I have said this for years: a turnover costs us at least $5,000. Our rents average about 2k and there is always something to improve that was not a security deposit item.

    Typically investors are worried about $200 cash flow (or $2,400 per year) and give zero consideration to the cost of turnover. This highlights why you need long term appreciation to ever be profitable. Basically, without inflation REI would not work.

    • James JonesPro Member
      OP
      Investor · Collierville, TN 38017 · Member since 2017 · 595 posts · 446 votes
      1mo
      Quote from @Marcus Auerbach:

      100% correct. I have said this for years: a turnover costs us at least $5,000. Our rents average about 2k and there is always something to improve that was not a security deposit item.

      Typically investors are worried about $200 cash flow (or $2,400 per year) and give zero consideration to the cost of turnover. This highlights why you need long term appreciation to ever be profitable. Basically, without inflation REI would not work.


      Marcus nailed the number most people ignore: the improvement that isn't a deposit item. Every turn there's the stuff you can't charge back, paint, a dated fixture, the thing that was fine for the old tenant but won't show well for the next one. That's real money and it comes out of your pocket every single time.

      Where I'd push back a little: the "$2,400 cash flow gets erased by one $5k turnover" math only bites if you're turning annually. Same tenant five years, that $5k spreads to $1k a year and the cash flow holds up fine. So it's not that cash flow is fake, it's that cash flow and retention are the same lever. Turnover is what quietly converts your cash flow into appreciation-only.

      On needing appreciation to survive, I'd soften it to needing rent growth. Long tenant plus steady rent bumps plus loan paydown can carry a deal even in a flat market. Appreciation is the accelerator, not the only thing keeping it alive. But your core point stands, if you're only counting rent minus mortgage, you're not counting the business.

    • Investor · Milwaukee - Mequon, WI · Member since 2010 · 5k+ posts · 7k+ votes
      1mo
      Quote from @James Jones:
      Quote from @Marcus Auerbach:

      100% correct. I have said this for years: a turnover costs us at least $5,000. Our rents average about 2k and there is always something to improve that was not a security deposit item.

      Typically investors are worried about $200 cash flow (or $2,400 per year) and give zero consideration to the cost of turnover. This highlights why you need long term appreciation to ever be profitable. Basically, without inflation REI would not work.


      Marcus nailed the number most people ignore: the improvement that isn't a deposit item. Every turn there's the stuff you can't charge back, paint, a dated fixture, the thing that was fine for the old tenant but won't show well for the next one. That's real money and it comes out of your pocket every single time.

      Where I'd push back a little: the "$2,400 cash flow gets erased by one $5k turnover" math only bites if you're turning annually. Same tenant five years, that $5k spreads to $1k a year and the cash flow holds up fine. So it's not that cash flow is fake, it's that cash flow and retention are the same lever. Turnover is what quietly converts your cash flow into appreciation-only.

      On needing appreciation to survive, I'd soften it to needing rent growth. Long tenant plus steady rent bumps plus loan paydown can carry a deal even in a flat market. Appreciation is the accelerator, not the only thing keeping it alive. But your core point stands, if you're only counting rent minus mortgage, you're not counting the business.


      After doing this for almost 2 decades and helping a lot of investors in my early career as an agent: everything starts pointing you to better quality in all things: 

      if you offer quality housing, tenants stay longer and you avoid turnover. If you offer nice homes, you will get nicer tenants, who will stay longer and also take better care of the property, reducing your turnover cost even when it happens. If you own in nicer neighborhoods, your appreciation will be better.

      Why you can't do without appreciation: had an old landlord on one my my classes about how to generate a million with small RE (free at RPA-WI): he owns about 30 duplexes in a rough area in Milwaukee and has been doing this for 35 years. He is doing all the work himself, mows the lawns, shovels snow, fixes pipes and toilets. He wants to retire, but he can't. The properties are worth about the same as when he bought them, he is still leveraged, as he had to take out loans to pay for roofs and other capex. He tried selling a few, but no takers - even though we have a super hot market and investors compete for any good duplex listing with multiple offers over list.

      30 duplexes in Milwaukee should be worth about 12 million. And after 35 years they should be free and clear. Should is the key word.

  • Member since 2024 · 158 posts · 88 votes
    9mo

    Great post@James Jones.  Turnover is going to be my biggest expense for the next 10 years since I have B+ properties and attract renters that are saving up for a house in a year or two.

    I have a lease addendum that spells out a few items the renters are responsible for such as replacing filters, batteries, and light bulbs.  It also has them responsible for  spackle and touch ups for any holes in the wall.  We will see how this goes, I may add in a required professional move out clean and carpet clean for anyone who stays only 1 year.  

    • James JonesPro Member
      OP
      Investor · Collierville, TN 38017 · Member since 2017 · 595 posts · 446 votes
      1mo
      Quote from @Allison Park:

      Great post@James Jones.  Turnover is going to be my biggest expense for the next 10 years since I have B+ properties and attract renters that are saving up for a house in a year or two.

      I have a lease addendum that spells out a few items the renters are responsible for such as replacing filters, batteries, and light bulbs.  It also has them responsible for  spackle and touch ups for any holes in the wall.  We will see how this goes, I may add in a required professional move out clean and carpet clean for anyone who stays only 1 year.  


      Thanks Allison. That's a tough spot, B+ tenants who are by definition on their way out. You're not going to keep them, so your whole game is minimizing the cost of a turnover you already know is coming.

      The addendum items are good in principle but be realistic about enforcement. Filters and bulbs, sure. Spackle and touch-ups you'll usually end up redoing anyway, because their idea of "patched" and yours won't match, and a bad DIY patch can be more work than the original hole. I'd bank the deposit for that rather than count on the labor.

      The professional clean and carpet clean at move-out is the stronger move, and I'd write it in for everyone, not just the one-year folks. Make it a flat move-out fee disclosed up front, not a deposit deduction you have to fight over later. Cleaner, less dispute, and you're not chasing it after they've gone.

      Since turnover's your known cost, spend on the front end instead. Durable finishes, LVP over carpet where you can, semi-gloss paint that wipes down. If they're leaving in a year regardless, build the unit so a turn is cheap and fast rather than trying to make them stay.

  • Investor · Fort Washington, MD · Member since 2014 · 1k+ posts · 1k+ votes
    9mo

    This is an awesome post. I always practice every point mentioned here. Also, others have submitted great responses. People can really maximize their businesses by listening to them. All are crucial points, but one of my top is getting the right tenant and building a great relationship. I know there are people in this forum that show the tenants zero respect and others claim, all tenants hate landlords. They need to speak for themselves. In essence, keeping a great tenant there as long as you can is how you win. This approach works for an of the class assets.

    Great topic 

    • James JonesPro Member
      OP
      Investor · Collierville, TN 38017 · Member since 2017 · 595 posts · 446 votes
      1mo
      Quote from @Mark Cruse:

      This is an awesome post. I always practice every point mentioned here. Also, others have submitted great responses. People can really maximize their businesses by listening to them. All are crucial points, but one of my top is getting the right tenant and building a great relationship. I know there are people in this forum that show the tenants zero respect and others claim, all tenants hate landlords. They need to speak for themselves. In essence, keeping a great tenant there as long as you can is how you win. This approach works for an of the class assets.

      Great topic 


      Well said Mark. The respect piece is underrated because it doesn't show up on a spreadsheet, but it's the cheapest retention tool there is.

      The "all tenants hate landlords" thing is usually self-fulfilling. Treat people like the enemy and they'll act like it. Answer the phone, fix things fast, be straight with them, and most tenants stay for years and treat the place like it's theirs. Same across asset classes, the respect part doesn't care what class you're in.

      The one I'd add: keeping a good tenant sometimes means leaving money on the table at renewal. A small under-market bump on someone who pays on time and takes care of the unit beats chasing top rent and eating a turnover. That math is the whole post.

  • Real Estate Broker · Milwaukee, WI · Member since 2015 · 299 posts · 90 votes
    1mo

    "Paint, cleaning, patchwork, minor plumbing, broken blinds, damaged floors, it adds up fast. A typical turn can run $1,000 to $3,000 depending on age and finishes."

    Turnover is a real cash flow killer.  After spending that kind of money setting the place up really makes sure that you feel comfortable with the next new tenant.  I had a really bad loss on one of my units and spent about 3k fixing it up.  It took me 6 months of screening to finally approve an applicant that i felt confident enough to take care of the place and not cause problems.  

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