There are a LOT of unlicensed contractors out there. Anyone who can (or can't!) swing a hammer can claim to be a contractor, but few are licensed to do so. A license is obtained by a contractor after they have filled out the proper forms with the state where they are doing business, paid the appropriate fees, taken the appropriate tests, and obtained the correct insurance and surety bond required by the state. (A surety bond is similar to insurance, where the contractor pays a fee to a bond company, and if they don't complete the work that was agreed upon, the bond
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can come in to pay for the work to be finished, and the bond company will go after the contractor.) We will refer to licensed, bonded, and insured contractors as simply "licensed."
That said, because of the costs a licensed contractor must pay to maintain their standing, licensed contractors tend to have higher overhead costs than their unlicensed counterparts. Translation: Licensed contractors are more expensive. Now, if you are anything like us, you are probably a penny-pincher who loves to find a good deal. So, if two guys can both do the work, and one is $25/hr (unlicensed) and the other is $45/hr (licensed), is it a terrible idea to go with the cheaper guy? In other words, as a landlord, does it really matter if they are licensed, as long as the work gets done?
YES. IT MATTERS.
Related: Interview: A Contractor’s Perspective on Working With Real Estate Investors
Why Hiring a Licensed Contractor Matters
Here are four major reasons why:
- First, when a contractor is licensed, it means they are legitimate about wanting to be in the game for the long-haul; they are not simply taking your money and running. After all, a license likely cost them hundreds or even thousands of dollars and requires mounds of ongoing paperwork. The licensed contractor at least wants to be legit, which means a lot. If nothing else, it demonstrates that the individual doesn't cut corners when it comes to their legitimacy, and it increases the likelihood that they won't cut corners on your project either.
- Secondly, their legitimacy also gives you a "big stick" to use if the contractor doesn't live up to their end of the bargain, as you can report the contractor and even go after their surety bond. If accused of wrongdoing, the contractor could lose his or her license and subsequently, his or her livelihood.
- Third, a contractor who is licensed by law must have workman's compensation insurance on themselves and their employees. This insurance helps to protect you, the owner, in the relatively frequent occurrence that someone gets hurt on the job. Without that insurance, it's likely the hurt individual will go after YOU to pay their medical bills. How would you like a $40,000 lawsuit on top of that $400 paint job?
- Fourth, hiring an unlicensed contractor may void any warranties on the products they installed.
If you still aren't convinced that it's worth it to hire a licensed contractor, consider the following real-life example from our landlording career of what can happen if you hire someone who is not licensed.
He seemed great, at first. Walked the walk, talked the talk, drove a nice truck, looked us in the eye, and assured us he could complete our project within our five-week timeframe. He was also “licensed.” This guy was legit, or so we thought. After signing a contract and giving him a $5,000 down payment for materials, we let him at it. A week into the project, we started feeling like something wasn’t right. Nothing was getting done, and the clock was ticking. After repeated calls, he again assured us all was well —he was just waiting on the materials he ordered to arrive and finishing up a couple loose ends on another project before starting ours; not to worry, it would get done. A few days later, after no progress on our project, we knew something was wrong.
We drove to the building supply store that he supposedly ordered our supplies from, only to discover that they had no record of his order. “Are you sure?” we questioned. They were sure. Our materials were never ordered, and this stranger we gave $5,000 of our hard-earned money to just two weeks prior was suspiciously MIA. We went online to do a little research and learned not only was this particular contractor NOT licensed, but he had been accused of stealing $3,000 from another unsuspecting homeowner just 10 months earlier. Ugh. When we finally got ahold of him over the phone and confronted him about his lies, he admitted that, indeed, our money was gone. He had spent it.
Learning From Hiring Mistakes
We are the first to admit we made many mistakes when it came to hiring this "contractor," but our biggest mistake was that we should have verified that he was licensed and not simply taken his word for it. By doing a simple search online, you can discover all kinds of information about your contractor, including if they are licensed, bonded, and insured; if they are active (and not suspended); if they have any infractions; and if they have any lawsuits against their bond. You can also verify that your tradesperson (such as your electrician or plumber) is certified.
Related: 4 Reasons You’ll Never Find a Good Contractor (Insight From an Investor/Contractor)
In our situation, had our "contractor" actually been licensed, bonded, and insured, his bond would have (hopefully) covered his dishonesty, and we would (hopefully) not have been out $5,000 dollars. Furthermore, if he was licensed, it would have been harder for him to swallow stealing that much money, knowing he would lose his license, and hence his livelihood, when we complained. Finally, we should never have paid such a large down payment to a contractor with whom we had never done business. Looking back, it would have been much smarter to order the materials ourselves and simply pay him for his labor at certain benchmarks. But alas, our money (and a piece of our faith in humanity!) was gone like the wind.
Hopefully by this point we've convinced you of the importance of hiring a contractor who is licensed. As you can tell from the story we just shared, it's also not enough to simply take them at their word. Just last week we talked with a contractor about doing some work for us on a rental property, and he swore up and down he was licensed, bonded, and insured. He even went so far as to bash all those "under the table" guys who take work away from him, "the legit guy." However, when we went online and checked, he was not licensed at all. A complete fraud. We won't be working with himâever. (He seemed like such a nice guy, too. His loss!)
Verify, Verify, Verify
Please, verify that your contractor is, indeed, licensed. Luckily, like we previously mentioned, this can be done fairly easily online by searching your state's website. Find it by Googling "[your state]contractor license search," and it should pop up first. You should also ask to see a copy of their insurance and bond, just to make sure they have not lapsed. Don't feel bad for askingâit's just business. Any good contractor will respect you for asking.
Keep in mind, a license does NOT mean the contractor is going to be good. Not all states require a general contractor to know anything about construction to get a license, so being licensed does not guarantee expertise. (Of course, with certain trades like electrical or plumbing, a license shows that they have had training and at least can pass a test demonstrating they know what they doing.) A license doesn't show you the level of quality the contractor can do nor the speed at which they will do it. For that, you are going to have to do some research.
[This article is an excerpt from Brandon and Heather Turner’s The Book on Managing Rental Property.]
What has been your experience with licensed vs. non-licensed contractors?
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