Jay
MA is one of 3 or 4 states that pretty much require an attorney to conduct the closing. We do not recognize "witness closings" where just a notary shows up. It is all considered practicing law without a license. The Real Estate Bar Association is pretty vigilant on this.
What would normally happen is Robert goes to the mortgage company or bank for a loan. He works with the loan officer who would assign the mortgage to an approved attorney (usually a friend) or he could tell them I am his attorney and it would come to me if I can be approved (write for a national title company, have malpractice etc) I order a title exam from third party title examiner. They provide me with copies of the relevant documents (deeds, liens on property etc) that is on record at the registry of deeds. I order a Municipal Lien Certificate from the city (confirms if taxes are outstanding as well as water, betterments etc) I used to do the title exam myself but the national title company want a third party because they would also have malpractice if anything is missed) I review what they send me and make a judgment as to the marketability of the title or if there are any other issue so the mortgage company is in first place (so I would order pay offs of any current mortgages or judgment liens, etc)
Most of the registry of deeds info is available on line so I can double check or do a preliminary search (or anyone can search for that matter) As for getting copies on line, you usually need to be registered and have an account because they do charge by the copy. Nothing stops you from visiting the registry oneself and ordering copies or looking at the documents though.
I pull all they infor together and create the HUD or now the TRID or whatever they are calling it. I tell they buyer/borrower how much to bring to the closing. The mortgage company wires me the money. I meet the buyer and seller at the registry (usually on a sale) Everyone signs everything, I notarize. I then go to the counter and do a last minute up to date title run down. If it is still good, I record the deed and mortgage and anything else needed. I have written the checks from my account. Later I will wire or overnight any pay offs and track to be sure any discharges are recorded. Also later I will issue the title policies for the lender and buyer and send those out. Forgot to mention will also wire or give the seller a check for their proceeds.
So in this case, if I was representing Robert, I would examine the title and make him aware of any defects, double check taxes and water etc from the city. I would review the terms of the note and mortgage with him to be sure he understands and agrees. Make sure the deed and mortgage are recorded properly, any liens discharged. Since I write for a national title insurance company, if he wants a buyers title insurance policy I would get him one ( and the seller/mortgage holder as well)
Oh yeah if he needs an offer or P & S negotiated I would do that too.
All just in a days works for a closing attorney here in MA!