@Kyle Carter You cannot directly use a 1031 exchange to purchase a primary residence, as the IRS mandates that the replacement property must be used for investment or business purposes.

There is no such absolute rule or mandate for REI - it is up to you on your comfort level with your cash flow versus total investment versus appreciation potential.If I followed that rule, I would have missed out on a LOT of great opportunities over the years.We bought a house in Jones Valley in 2017 with negative cash flow - why? 

It is really sad and unfortunate that these governors are issuing lawless mandates. 

Is there a defined definintion of occupany that mandates a set amount of days per month that I must sleep under the roof of my primary residence?

Rent control in the bay area can be extreme as many areas have rent control in excess of the state mandated rent controlIn general experience RE investors are not choosing to add a single ADU in single family zoned areas.  

Lot Size RequirementsRaleigh does not mandate a minimum or maximum lot size for ADUs, but the size of the ADU is limited relative to the lot and primary structure.- Maximum build size: typically 800 square feet or 50% of the size of the primary residence, whichever is smaller.

Our property has HOA-mandated fences and faces a lake.  

This included some landmark deals including Rockefeller Center’s $3.5B loan and Miami Beach’s Fontainebleau $1.2B refinancingAlternative lenders filling traditional banking gaps with short-term solutions which has already begun a cycle of consolidation that will likely continue and accelerate in 2025The Office Sector Divide:CBD property values are down 50.7% from 2021 peaksClass A office properties seem to be in their own vacuum of prosperity with trophy properties commanding premium rents ($100+ PSF nationally, up to $247 in top markets) with strong occupancyHybrid work continues impacting older building valuations which have not faired as well, but this may begin to rebalance as more companies are instituting mandates to return to physical officesChallenges & Opportunities:$1 trillion in loans maturing by 2026Interest rates up from 3.5% (2021) to 6.74% (2024)Experts such as AEW’s Michael Acton and Blackstone’s Nadeem Meghji see the best entry point in the last 15–20 years and we agreeMarket Outlook:Current market conditions present unique opportunities, with inflation-adjusted prices at historic lows and yields at decade highs.

. #922-2, pp. 86–95) (noting that upwards of 90% of transactions on the Subject MLS offer buyer agent commissions of exactly 3% during the class period, with the exception of the MARIS MLS consistently offering 2.7%)....Although it is true that a nominal commission of $1 would satisfy Section 2-G-1 and Defendants agree such nominal commission is mandated, Plaintiffs have produced evidence that no transaction within the Subject MLS took place using a nominal commission.

I think a majority of owners voted to mandate sales and rentals go through the board first..at some point.