Is this a legitimate real estate investing strategy?

Is this a legitimate real estate investing strategy?

Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes

Hey BP folks,

I've searched high and low to find an opinion on this buy-and-hold real estate investing strategy that my wife and I are employing and haven't come up with much.  I would love to hear some feedback on this strategy, especially tips on how to make it better (generally speaking).

Here's the basics of what we are doing:

  • Buy a slightly beat-up 2-4 BR SFH ($80-150k) in a college town (where we live) that is biking distance from campus with a 5% down conventional loan (owner-occupied) via usual bank financing.
  • Move in and live there for 12 months while fixing it up with the minor rehab costs being financed by Airbnb-ing/renting out the BRs we are not using.
  • When 12 months is up, buy another house that meets that criteria and start the same strategy over again.
  • Rent out the previous house to college kids or Airbnb it.
  • Continue this every year for at least 5 years (though being fully bought into this approach for now, I'm sure my wife and I will tap out eventually and want a 'forever home').
  • Never touch the cash flow from properties for personal use (which will already be a bit thin compared to other portfolios that use 20-30% DPs) - instead, use cash flow to pay down already owned properties (to free up space for more conventional loans) and/or (once we are in a 'forever home' after 5 years/houses or so) buy more houses at the higher investor down payment % rate (assuming we can afford it).

Some context as to why we use this strategy:

  • Even at a low down payment like 5%, most real estate with the above criteria will cash flow a modest amount (rents are roughly 1% of purchase price before value adds).
  • We don't have a ton of money to use to buy a big portfolio right away, but we are also not interested in retiring super early.  If we were financially independent in about 15-20 years (i.e., debt-free, $100k yearly investment income), that would meet our personal goals.
  • My wife and I have semi-professional careers that we enjoy, and we aren't interested in being real estate investors full time.
  • In addition to the money we put into real estate investing, we try to max out IRA/401k contributions to add some truly passive income to the mix. I'm not interested in only relying on real estate for retirement income (though plan for it to be the bulk of it).
  • We have a one year old child (and plan to have one or two more) and, consequently, desire to have a 'lower-risk' approach to financing our daily lives (e.g., steady income, benefits, etc) until our children go to college (as opposed to trying to finance our lives mostly/entirely with real estate right away).
  • We make roughly $100k combined and can afford a new 5% down payment each year (but not a new 25% DP yearly... unless daycare costs drastically change!).
  • We are minimalists (don't have a lot of furniture or stuff to move) and are used to the 'move-out-every-summer' lifestyle (recent college grads).  We see houses just like any other physical possession and rarely get attached.  We can usually do the whole routine of 'move out, move in' in under a week while working our normal jobs for under $1k.

The closest idea that I can find is this: https://passiveincomemd.com/buy-one-property-a-year-and-retire-early/

(main distinction being that we live in these houses and pay a lower DP)

The specific questions that arise in my mind are as follows:

  • Why don't other people do this? 
    (I literally haven't been able to find discussions of this strategy anywhere, but maybe I'm using the wrong keywords when I search)
    I can think of some main reasons:
    (a) This is a bad investment strategy for some reason that I'm unaware of (maybe I'm doing the numbers drastically wrong, underestimating the costs of moving into a new house in the same town, etc).  If so, I'd LOVE to hear why (and then would alter my approach).
    (b) People do not like the idea of having their real estate investing affect their personal life RE: having to move out every year into a new house (though I see this as similar to house hacking in the way that it is mixing personal and investment lives, thereby inconvenient in some way in the day-to-day).
    (c) Too slow for most peoples' tastes (though we don't mind it based on our personal goals).
  • Are houses that are attractive to college kids the right market for this?  I've targeted college rentals because they usually meet the following criteria:
    (a) They are fairly cheap to purchase (not the ones right next to campus... but a few blocks away).
    (b) Easy to rent out afterwards.
    (c) Easy to Airbnb/rent while we live there.
    (d) Usually, the repairs are deferred-maintenance-related (in addition to easier value-adds like adding BRs) and can be completed by non-professionals (i.e., us and our informal subcontractors) slowly but surely over the course of a year.  Plus, college kids don't seem to mind our usually imperfect repair work. ;)
    (e) I work at a university and likely will for the rest of my life (though will move to a new university probably 2-3 times over the course of my career), so being a close distance to work is attractive.
    (f) My wife and I actually like college kids generally as a demographic. 
    All that being said... if there is a market that is better suited for this strategy, I'd love to hear about it!
  • This seems like a slow-but-sure way to financial freedom... but am I missing something?  Obviously, we have to be diligent about running our numbers and ensuring that each house will cash flow a couple hundred dollars monthly after the mortgage, repairs, cap-ex, etc.  But am I missing something big-picture-related?  If not, why doesn't everyone do this?  Seems like a very easy and cheap way to attain independence from the 9to5.  
  • Our pie-in-the-sky end goal is to - when we have 10 houses or so - leverage our way into an apartment complex (e.g., refi, 1031 exchange) to reduce overhead and generally step it up to the next level.  Who knows if we'll get there, but that's what we are aiming for.

Thanks in advance for comments/concerns/critiques!  

Best,

Matt

TL;DR: We buy and move into a new house every year (5% DP/conventional), renting out the previous house with a buy-and-hold strategy with a long-term horizon.  Thoughts?

EDITED: Mis-typed some info.

NOTE: My profile says "Athens, GA" but we live in Lincoln, NE now, which seems like a more affordable market.

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Rental Property Investor · NC · Member since 2018 · 776 posts · 776 votes
7y

Sorry to burst your bubble but this is a very common strategy. A house hack with student rentals. Then move every year to secure cheap financing. It works and if you listen to the podcast this is how a lot of successful investors get started 

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  • Rental Property Investor · NC · Member since 2018 · 776 posts · 776 votes
    7y

    Sorry to burst your bubble but this is a very common strategy. A house hack with student rentals. Then move every year to secure cheap financing. It works and if you listen to the podcast this is how a lot of successful investors get started 

  • Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes
    7y

    Frank,

    No worries about bursting the bubble - I'm happy to know I'm not the only one doing it.  I've listened to dozens of BP podcasts and (generally) have heard this as a "this is how I got started," but rarely as a "this is an approach in-and-of itself" (if that makes sense).  I assume that most hxc real estate investors wouldn't want to stay at this slow speed, which would explain why they jump to the next level. 

    Thanks for the clarification.

    Best,
    Matt

  • richmond · Member since 2018 · 16 posts · 1 vote
    7y

    I can think of a couple reasons people wouldn't do this. 

    Ignorance - the average person does not think of real estate as a viable option towards retirement or they think they don't have enough money to do so

    laziness - most people aren't willing to put in the work after hours for years to achieve the financial freedom they desire

    Seems like you have a good plan ready to set in motion, good luck!

  • Rental Property Investor · Nolanville, TX · Member since 2008 · 130 posts · 88 votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson

    Sounds like a live in flip. Pretty common.

    I would imagine that others that don't do this is because of it being a pain to move frequently. I'm military and I hate moving all the time, would rather settle down.

  • Rental Property Investor · Erie, PA · Member since 2018 · 6k+ posts · 9k+ votes
    7y

    It sure is a strategy and one that many on here have done however I can think of plenty of issues that can come up and reasons why it’s not for everybody. It isn’t as rosy as it sounds . Real estate rarely is though .for starters house hacking with college kids would be tough enough especially with having a baby or two  in the house . Air bnb isn’t going to much better with strangers coming and going in your home . Many colleges these days are requiring students live on campus and killing the ma and pa rental markets to offset their costs  . Many insurances will not permit student rentals and if they do you will pay more . Transient tenants are hard on property especially young irresponsible students . Just some things to think about . I would never house hack with a young child in the house unless it was separate units like a fourplex 

  • Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes
    7y

    I appreciate all the feedback thus far. Sounds like this is a few common strategies thrown together - nothing new under the sun.

    RE: military. I was an air Force brat growing up and, thus, have never felt an attachment to one area or home. Funny how you went the other way, though different development periods in exposure to constant residential transitions.

    RE: kids and house hacking. This is certainly something that we have been concerned about, but haven't had issues with it thus far (but this is year one...). We've talked about going with small MFs to address this, but the difference in purchase price is always tough to justify. May make the transition once our kid is older and we have more cash.

    RE: Changes in college rentals that hurt mom/pop ops. Very helpful to hear about. My old stomping grounds (Lexington, KY) has gone through dramatic changes in the market (reportedly) as UK made a big move to take over the student rental market. The amount of money they had to throw at premium student housing did a number to smaller investors in the area with small MF and SFH. Definitely something to think about - will keep on my radar.

    Thanks again and apologies for not connecting the dots re: this is a combo of several common strategies. Appreciate the feedback.

  • Real Estate Agent · Spokane, WA · Member since 2013 · 123 posts · 66 votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson

    The term is “house hacking” it’s a very efficient way to minimize risk and build a portfolio. You won’t build a portfolio as fast as others but I love this model.

  • Dave FosterBusiness Member
    Qualified Intermediary for 1031 Exchanges · St. Petersburg, FL · Member since 2013 · 9k+ posts · 9k+ votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson, Low down = higher risk and higher interest with pmi. So don't go FHA, go conventional where you can eliminate the PMI after some time. The hedge against higher leverage needs to be two fold:

    1. You're already doing one - It's called student housing.  That is one of the only true recession proof sectors (as long as it is a state college or live in university or a private university with an incredible endowment to attract students but no land to build on.

    2. Use your frugality to build a giant size contingency fund.  It is very conceivable that at certain extreme swings of a market rents will fall to a point where you are negative.  Just plan for a period of that along with an air conditioner and a roof or two going at the same time.  

    Great strategy!!!!!

    The 1031 Investor5137 Reviews
  • Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes
    7y

    Thanks for the continued feedback! I hesitated to call it house hacking as we occupy the majority of the spaces we purchase - the rent from Airbnb etc just helps us fix up this here and there.

    @Dave Foster

    Greats points. Is there a rule of thumb for how much to keep as a contingency fund (eg an air conditioner per every two houses) ? I am cognizant that the low DP will also reduce cash flow, meaning that the "bumps in the road" will hurt more (and longer) than properties that cash flow more (perhaps due to higher DPs).

  • Dave FosterBusiness Member
    Qualified Intermediary for 1031 Exchanges · St. Petersburg, FL · Member since 2013 · 9k+ posts · 9k+ votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson, one of my favorite memes or all time is a note beside an empty glass saying 

    Dear Optimist and pessimist,

    Had a great drink while you were arguing about half full/half empty.

    the Opportunist

    Most people will err on the side of underestimating adverse events.  These are the best casers.  But there are also those who look to the worst and try to plan of that.  Those are the worst casers.  You've got to do some very thoughtful (even painful) projecting to get to what the Best probable case is - Not if everything goes right but if everything that would normally go right goes right.  And the Worst probable case - not murphy style everything that can go wrong does but what will probably go wrong. 

    Then I split the middle between best probable and worst probable case, add a couple bucks for a better nights sleep and rub my lucky egg.

    The 1031 Investor5137 Reviews
  • Rental Property Investor · Richmond, VA · Member since 2016 · 279 posts · 133 votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson

    Yes it's house hacking but I've seen the term "nomad" apply to this type of strategy where you move every year or two. I have started with this and it's work ok so far, just on property #2 so it's hard to tell just yet. I'm staying in my second property minimum two years as I might sell after a few years. Also helps to employ some BRRRR strategy to value add rinse and repeat to make your capital work harder. Most people run into DTI issues when securing financing after a couple properties. Also more risk with the higher leverage. My 2c.

  • Rental Property Investor · Port Townsend, WA · Member since 2015 · 30 posts · 36 votes
    7y

    Ahh, yes, the Nomad strategy.

    As a purveyor of this particular strategy myself (currently at 5 doors), I am heavily biased toward the Buy, Occupy, Rent, Repeat (BORRing???) owner-occupant-turned-rental-rinse-repeat philosophy of real estate investing.

    I went ahead and ran some simple mathematology for yee. Assumptions:

    -$150,000 single family home price as you indicated

    -owner occupy for 12 months, as required

    -$1300/mo rent rate after owner occupancy period (based on random selection of Zillow listings), 10% property management, 3% inflation, 3% appreciation on value and rent, 10% maintenance, 3% vacancy

    -mortgage at 4.5%, doing 5% down payment with FNMA financing

    -$100,000 per year income for you and spouse, 21% effective tax rate, $5,000 per month personal living expenses 

    -build up and maintain a minimum emergency fund/cap ex fund of $30,000 cash

    -doing this for five years before getting sick of it, and thus settling into the 6th such house forever

    Based on these assumptions, and maintaining that $5,000/mo personal lifestyle, your real estate investments will provide more than 50% of that $5,000/mo lifestyle cost within 30 years. Near the 35-year mark, with loans paid off, your real estate holdings will provide 86% of that $5,000/mo retirement income. In terms of net worth, this plan theoretically surpasses the $1 million positive net worth mark from just real estate in month 192 (16 years from now, inflation adjusted to 2019 dollars).

    Here's a raw cash flow chart, including cash flow benefit from depreciation:

    Analysis and chart courtesy of RealEstateFinancialPlanner.com. Your mileage may vary.

  • Rental Property Investor · NJ/PA · Member since 2016 · 555 posts · 149 votes
    7y

    Combine with 2- year tax exemption for primary home.

  • Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes
    7y

    thanks for the comments and advice, everyone

    Ah, the "nomad" strategy!  This is the keyword I was searching for.  Found blogs, podcasts, etc with this keyword.  Thanks for making that connection.

    And i appreciate the math, jassen. looks like i need to keep buying properties after the 5th one in order to hit my goals.

  • James WilcoxBusiness Member
    Real Estate Agent · Bowling Green KY ~ Lexington, KY · Member since 2015 · 1k+ posts · 601 votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson your overall plan isn't anything new and is basically "house hacking". A term coined by Brandon on BP and has been used for many years to describe what you are talking about. It isn't anything new but has a name now at least. It can be used to acquire more properties.

    A couple of things to note though with your plan. 

    • You will have PMI payments on your homes. This will greatly cut into cash flow (assuming you have any).
    • If you are going to STR out your places make sure you have the proper insurance, collecting taxes, permits, not against any HOA rules ect... to do so. This will also perhaps cut into some of the income you make on such properties.
    • You will have to furnish your Airbnb units with towels, furniture, dishware, cleaning supplies, ect.. How are you going to pay for that?
    • How are you going to manage turnovers on Airbnb and maintain a high standard to ensure great guest experiences and stay booked even during slow seasons? Airbnb takes a lot of hands-on management and time to do right.
    • Who is going to manage your properties? You should factor that into your plan unless you plan on managing them yourself for the rest of your life.
    • You need large reserves for "deferred maintenance" properties. How are you going to pay for those?

    Also from the Lexington perspective I only slightly agree with what you said. There is a severe lack of housing in Lexington and that includes student housing rentals. UK has lagged behind in their housing needs from years and has just recently started to update and control that problem. There is still plenty of need for student housing in Lexington though. Many students choose to live off campus because of alcohol policies and there are more students in Lexington than ones that just go to UK.

    Overall, your idea is there but needs to be refined for it to be successful.

    REI James w/ eXp Realty54 Reviews
  • Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes
    7y

    thanks @James Wilcox

    yeah, i'm familiar with house hacking.  that wasn't the part that i was trying to emphasize as something that wasn't talked about much.  the nomad/move-into-new-personal-residence-yearly aspect was the unique thing that i was looking to find a basis of discussion on.  i think i threw too much info into one first post - should have focused more.

    you raise many good points. ive thought about getting loans through bank of america or others that offer no PMI loans (if thats still a thing) OR just prioritizing quickly paying down mortgages to 20% to eliminate that cost.

    i stay away from HOAs and furnish via craiglist.  my wife works from home and manages the airbnb turnover.  you are very right that it takes a lot of work (more than i thought) to do airbnb right.  there are some automation pieces that have simplified it, but its far from hands-off.

    i have a PM that i plan to use who takes 10%.  i want to be hands on initially (even with a PM) and see if i can get away with managing things myself to increase cashflow, but my job is a 'nights and weekends included' career and i doubt i'll manage anything longterm.

    large reserves: a spot yet to be addressed.  need to househack well to generate some cash to pour into these houses.  a good point i haven't quite solved.  i've looked into combining some kind of brrrr strategy to get money back out and put into the next one, though this seems more difficult/less profitable with the 5% DP conventional financing.  

    glad to hear you disagree with me about lexington.  just regurgitating what others have told me.  i may be investing there when i get more capital as i have some RE colleagues in that area.

  • Sudbury, ON · Member since 2017 · 14 posts · 0 votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson

    In Canada at least,

    I had to have 20% Equity in the house before I was able to get another one.

    Wasn’t allowed to have multiple houses with 5% into it. Maybe this was misinformation but I don’t think so.

    Had to refi & get a HELOC after renos to get the equity to the 20% level before I could do it again.

  • James WilcoxBusiness Member
    Real Estate Agent · Bowling Green KY ~ Lexington, KY · Member since 2015 · 1k+ posts · 601 votes
    7y

    @Matthew Carlson there are a few programs out there but they come with their own regulations. If you don't have 20% DP and using the standard government FHA program you are paying mortgage insurance. There are some ways around it like paying the amount upfront or doing a loan with higher rates but in general, if you don't have the higher DP, PMI is tacked onto the loan. Also, mortgage insurance could be for the life of the loan as well unless you refinance. That means you need to see some good appreciation, deal with possible higher interest rates, and money for closing on that new loan down the road. Thank you financial housing crisis. -.-

    Seems you have some experience with STR investing so you understand the advantages and disadvantages of it.

    Could always open up a LOC but I would be on the conservative side and say you need some money for bigger repairs as well.

    All I am saying is basically there will be a need for student housing in Lexington for a good long time.

    Good luck and keep thinking outside the box. 

    REI James w/ eXp Realty54 Reviews
  • Athens, GA · Member since 2017 · 10 posts · 2 votes
    7y

    @James Wilcox

    roger on all points. PMI and cash for repairs are both issues i need to think more about. appreciate the feedback.

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