@Rich Weese It was sad to read your story and it's great that you shared as it might prevent other people having the same misfortune, which I'm sure was your purpose. I however respectfully disagree with your suggestion that we should run away from buying pre-construction condos in Mexico, which I have been doing over the last few years with my investors. We just need to know what we're doing or work with people who do and whom we can trust.
Firstly, there are deals that turn sour in every country and in every sort of business. If we would use that as a reason to not do that sort of business in that country, no business would ever be done! Please don't prevent other readers to take advantage of the awesome real
Secondly, billions of dollars have been invested by foreigners in Mexican pre-construction real estate and only a tiny fraction has had issues. The proof is clearly in the pudding given the amount that keep being invested year after year. And this isn't because of ignorance at a time when everybody learns about everything about social media and when the mainstream media doesn't miss a chance to point out (and often exaggerate) all the negative news that might come out of Mexico.
Thirdly, it is not thankfully not every day that the peso devalues against the dollar at the same time as two hurricanes hit. The devaluation of the peso is a risk for the developer (but not for the buyer as he buys in dollars) and this is normal but the buyer should be aware of that. Mind, you the peso is so low and the dollar so high that the odds favour the peso going up going forward, not down. The hurricanes are part of the developer's risk as well but Florida and the Southeast of the US gets hit much more by hurricanes that Cancun, which hasn't been hit after Wilma. I don't remember what the explanation is but Cancun is actually normally protected from hurricanes.
@Bob Green @Lisa Jarboe let me explain to you how pre-construction sales work in Mexico and how what happened to @Rich Weese can be avoided.
In my home country of Canada (and I assume it's the same in the US), when you buy a pre-construction condo, you pay 5% of the price at the signing of the contract and the remaining 95% at delivery. These 5% will obviously not be enough to finance the construction but this is not an issue since developer have access to plenty of cheap bank credit to finance 75% of their costs including the land.
In Mexico and other countries in a similar situation, bank credit is very expensive, as interest rates run in the double digits. Therefore, they need the (free) money from their customers to fund the construction. When we buy in Mexico, we pay 20% at the signing of the contract and then 30% during construction. If the developer sells well under these conditions, he can pretty much finance all the construction.
Most of the construction in Mexico is in the hands of very wealthy families. I only buy from some of them, who I know personally and have special deals with. They have enough money to finance 100% of the construction if necessary. Obviously, they prefer to use leverage and they'll use their customers' money in the first place but they're dependent on it. In Canada, the bank will require that the developer sells 60% of his project before giving the financing. This ensures that the developer will be able to complete the project no matter what and therefore protects the bank and the buyers.
Since the Mexican developers don't use bank financing the same way, they don't have to abide by that 60% rule, even though it would be in everyone's interest that they do. For the wealthy families, this is not an issue. If they are confident that their project will sell, they can decide to start construction with as little sales as possible, since they have enough money to finish their projects no matter what.
As real estate in Cancun has been booming since Cancun was created 40 years ago, some people, like Rich's real estate agent and businessman, decided to become developers to share in the huge profits that the developers had been and are still making. Since they don't have the money that the rich families have and don't have access to cheap credit, they should wait that they have 50-60% of sales completed before starting construction. I assume that some, like Rich's developer, got overconfident as a result of the market getting hotter and hotter and started construction without having enough sales, figuring out that they will sell more as construction progress. The problem is that, if they don't sell enough, like in Rich's case as a result of unpredictable external events, they will have to stop construction.
I'm extremely risk averse and I will do anything to protect the interest and money from my investors. Therefore, I only buy from developers who belong to these big families but only those who I know personally. Yet, even if I didn't have those connections, I would have thought that being a real estate agent and businessman doesn't mean that you will be a good developer. Moreover, I'd always check the track record of the developer.
Now on the developer financing. Many developers pretend that they give you developer financing because they let you pay over the course of the construction between the signing of the contract and the delivery of the property. This is fake developer financing. As I explained above, it's actually you giving (0%) financing to the developer and not the other way round.
My investors and I are getting real developer financing. As I explained above, we have to pay 50% before the delivery of the property. We should normally pay the remaining 50% upon delivery but the developers give us 5 years to repay the remaining 50% of the price after delivery. This is the same deal offered to @Bob Green, except that we're getting a much lower interest rate, which is super low for Mexico. As a result, we'll never have to pay the 50% balance of the price as our renters will pay for that and we'll still be cash flow positive each month after the loan payments.
This real developer financing is very rare in Mexico as some developers don't have the means to give them and those who have the means don't need to because their projects sell easily without that. My developer doesn't normally give developer financing; we're getting it just because of my relationship with him. Bob's deal could be a red flag, as some developers could be offering such financing to the public in general because they can't sell (enough) otherwise.
To conclude don't be shy about investing in pre-construction in Mexico if the deal makes sense but make sure that you know what you're doing or that you work with people who do.