@Liwen Gu
Good to hear that this post has been useful to you. I do think it is possible for an out of state investor to be successful but only with a good and reliable team, someone you can trust and personally know. However, I got screwed over by someone I personally trusted and have known, and so have others, too. This applied to the Memphis market.
In the Indianapolis market I had a well known property management company that rented out properties too low and was not checking on my property. After all, if there isn't an emergency, which they can bill at 3-5 times the rate, there is no need for them to do the job they are getting paid to do with the monthly management fee (being facetious here!). I was going to sell the property and informed the management company that the buyer will honor the lease agreement as it is by law. The property management company then pushed the tenant to move out into another one of their properties while I was in escrow. Therefore, the first buyer rescinded their contract. Then there was a hail storm on the street of my property and it was on the Indianapolis news. My management company did not notify me that there was hail damage to the entire roof and siding of the house. I found out at the time I was going to sell my property that everyone on the street had their roofs replaced. There was a delay in the second closing because of the insurance claim I had to file. Altogether, I lost $21,000 in cash plus monthly upkeep for 5 months due to the "handling" of this property management company and having to sell my property at much less because I had to sell off season, was out of monthly rental income and had to pay for upkeep.
My advice is to be extremely cautious when you never hear from your management company. Don't assume all is well when the reality is that they are just not checking until they get notified of an emergency. Ask for proof of logs of their drive bys, before and after pictures, etc etc. Baby sit like it is your baby (but then, what are you paying someone else for?). Make sure you are able to visit your properties frequently. Don't give your management company advance notice of your visit because they will then try to do the tasks they are supposed to do at that time (while they may have charged you monthly for it but never performed the work), or they will try to cover it up and use excuses why you can't see something when you visit. Be diligent! Always ask for proof, which is not their verbal promise. I learned that so many people lie with all kinds of backgrounds while they preach of being honest. It's sad that this is what it has come to. Make sure you talk to a lot of investors, locals, tenants, etc. and find out what they say about the companies you are trying to do business with. Although this doesn't guarantee that you won't be taken for your money, but if you get one honest answer from someone how they handled a situation, it may prevent you from having future headaches.
Sorry for the lengthy response. I was asked to write a book, or two, about my experiences, as I have many examples. I am still trying to recover from my financial losses but won't give up moving in the right direction and trying to avoid middle men that could cause me financial harm again.
Sabrina